Amoebiasis
Amoebiasis is also known as amoebic dysentery.Amoebiasis is an infectious disease .Intestine are mainly infected by protozone parasitic amoeba called Entamoeba histolytica. Entamoeba histolytica cause gastrointestinal illness. Patient get amoebiasis disease,when parasite enter in digestive system, this is happen when eat or drink contaminated food containing with Entamoeba histolytica. Entamoeba histolytica can infect to anyone,when touch surface containing with Entamoba histolytica cyste and put finger in mouth. It mostly infects those who live in tropical areas with limited sanitation systems. Entamoeba histolica cause the lesion in the intestine and may be chance when move toward the stomach then turn into stomach cancer.Entamoeba histolytica are found in two form that are cyst and trophozoites form. The cysts are spherical in shape and trophozoites are as pear shape. The size of cysts and trophozoites between 12-15µm and 15-20µm respectively.
Amoebiasis is transmitted by fecal-oral route and indirectly transmitted by contact with dirty hand. The infection is spread through cyst form of a parasite. The non-encysted amoebae or trophozoites die after leaving the body but may present in the feces. This disease is contagious because amoebiasis is transmitted to indirect or indirect contact from food, water and using a same toilet. Firstly it enter to body in the form of cyst through contaminated food or water to small intestine then it converted into trophozoites and move toward large intestine.If amoebiasis is not treat properly it can cause Brain, liver and lung infection. The new cysts form trophozoites that excrete in stool in cyst as well as in trophozoite form.
Symptoms
- Diarrhea with blood
- Fever
- Abdominal cramps
- Weight loss
- Loss of Appetite
- Stomach pain
- Nausea
- Intestinal complication
Cause/ risk factor
- caused by Entamoeba histolytica parasite
- Living in areas with poor sanitary conditions.
- Ingesting water or food, contaminated by faeces of infected people.
- Exposure to infected individuals
- Drinking contaminated or untreated water
- Extreme age
- Immunosuppression
- Recent travel to an endemic area
Diagnosis
Microbiology Department
Microscopic examination is a widespread method to diagnose diseases. The most common specimen is stool sample that are use for diagnosis of amoebiasis. Because cyst present in the stool. Take a small amount of sample and place on the slide. Giemsa stain or trichrome stain can be used to stain the concentrated sample, making the parasites or cyst more visible and provide in their identification.
Cysts of Entamoeba histolytica
Reference:
- https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/amebiasis/general-info.html
- https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000298.htm
0 comments